A series of SAPO⁃34 molecular sieves with different crystallization time were synthesized by hydrothermal method using pseudo⁃boehmite, silica sol and phosphoric acid as raw materials, TEA & TEABr as template. The crystal structure and physicochemical properties of the synthesized SAPO⁃34 molecular sieve were characterized by XRD, SEM and NH3⁃TPD. The catalytic activity of MTO was evaluated in a fixed bed reactor. The results showed that pure phase lamellar SAPO⁃34 molecular sieves were synthesized under different crystallization time. The longer the crystallization time was, the higher the crystallinity was, the greater the lamellar thickness was, and the more the acid centers were. At 450 ℃, 2 h-1, 0.2 MPa, crystallization time 72 h, the SAPO⁃34 molecular sieve had the best MTO catalytic activity with a single⁃pass lifetime 360 min and yield of diene 86.8%.

The aluminum source is made of Al2(SO4)3 solution, and the precipitant is made of NH4HCO3 solution. By modifying the aging step in the preparation process, the structure of the precursor aluminum ammonium carbonate (AACH) and the calcined γ⁃Al2O3 are modulated, and a high specific surface area nano γ⁃Al2O3 with a hierarchical pore structure was prepared. PtSnK/γ⁃Al2O3 long chain alkane dehydrogenation catalyst was prepared with macro⁃mesostructured hierarchical γ⁃Al2O3 as the carrier. C10―C13 long chain alkanes were used as raw materials to evaluate the activity and stability of the catalyst in a small fixed bed reactor. The results of the study indicated that the γ⁃Al2O3 support obtained after secondary modulation had a macro⁃mesostructured hierarchical pore structure, and the pore size distributions of mesopores and macropores were relatively concentrated. The average pore diameter, pore volume, and specific surface area were 25.40 nm, 2.09 cm3/g, and 284.5 m2/g, respectively. The initial conversion of long⁃chain alkanes dehydrogenation over PtSnK/γ⁃Al2O3 catalyst has reached 26.9% under accelerant condition and after 18 hours can still achieve 21.3%, the dehydrogenation conversion rate is higher than that of commercial alumina.

Composite oxides are of great interest to researchers due to their excellent physicochemical properties, while zirconium⁃containing composite oxides are used in catalytic hydrodesulfurization, dearomatization, gas phase Beckmann rearrangement reactions of cyclohexanone oximes, and removal of organic contaminants that have wide range of applications. This article reviews the three main preparation methods for zirconium⁃containing composite oxide catalysts (sol⁃gel method, hydrothermal synthesis method, co⁃precipitation method) as well as the defects and advantages of these three methods. Some other preparation methods are also briefly introduced.

The porous SAPO-11 molecular sieves were prepared by dry-gel method under the condition of single or simultaneous addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively, with pseudoboehmite, silica sol and phosphoric acid as aluminum source, silicon source and phosphorus source, dipropylamine and diisopropylamine as template. The synthesized SAPO-11 molecular sieves were characterized by XRD, nitrogen physical adsorption and desorption, SEM, NH ₃-TPD and Py-IR. The catalytic performance of the prepared Pt/SAPO-11 molecular sieve in n-dodecane isomerization reaction was investigated on a fixed bed. The results show that the addition of CTAB and PEG in the dry gel synthesis of SAPO-11 can promote the formation of mesoporous structure in the molecular sieve and change its morphology and acid strength. The selectivity and yield of the synthesized multistage pore SAPO-11 catalyst for n-dodecane hydroisomerization are significantly superior to those of the microporous SAPO-11 molecular sieve. The selectivity and yield of isoparaffin of Hier-Sapo-11-cp molecular sieve reach 71.2% and 62.1% respectively at 340 ℃.

Zn(OH) ₂ carbon composite microspheres were prepared by hydrothermal method using sucrose as template and then roasted to form the ZnO hollow microspheres. The effects of calcination rate on the morphology and pore structure of ZnO hollow microspheres were investigated. The structures of the hollow microspheres were characterized by XRD, TG, SEM and N ₂ adsorption. Then, the NiO/ZnO adsorbents with 5% Ni content were prepared by equal volume impregnation method. The results show that when the calcination rate is 3 ℃/min, the specific surface area and pore volume of hollow microspheres are as high as 37.21 m ²/g and 0.483 cm ³/g respectively; when the adsorption temperature is 350 ℃， the pressure is 1.2 MPa, the volume space velocity is 6 h ^-1 and the volume ratio of hydrogen to the simulated oil is 60, the desulfurization rate of the Ni/ ZnO adsorbent can reach as high as 96%， which has potential value in application.

The classic hydrodesulfurization technology and nonhydrodesulfurization process such as adsorption desulfurization technology and alkylation desulfurization process have been analyzed and summarized at home and abroad. Catalytic hydrogenation desulfurization technology has been widely used in industry, while the non hydrogenation desulfurization process is receiving more and more people's attention.

The growth of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) under different magnetic field strength was studied by using microbial method. The corrosion rate of X100 steel in simulated solution of SRB steel under different magnetic field strength was calculated by the method of weight loss. It was found that the magnetic field could inhibit the growth of SRB, and the stronger the magnetic field intensity was, the stronger the inhibition effect was; The magnetic field could inhibit the corrosion rate of X100 steel, and the corrosion rate of X100 steel first decreased and then increased with the increase of magnetic field strength. When the magnetic field strength was 5 mT, the corrosion rate was the smallest. The influence of static magnetic field on the survival rate of microbe and the corrosion rate of metals were briefly introduced. A new idea for the inhibition of microbial corrosion in pipeline was proposed.

In order to analyze the stress and strain of single directly crossing pipeline with anchor block influenced by gravity and the inner pressure, the finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to make numerical simulation. Through changing the length and the pipe diameter of crossing pipeline, the stress concentration point and the pipeline failure point were found. Conclusions were made as follows: with the increase of the pipeline length, the stress and strain increased by the influence of gravity and the inner pressure. When the length exceeded 25 m, the crossing pipeline structure failed in strength. When the diameter reached 610 mm, it also failed. To avoid the failure of the pipeline, the comprehensive influenced factors should be thought about, and truss crossing pipeline and suspending pipeline should be used.

In order to operate the town polyethylene gas pipeline safely and reduce the operational risk, the possible accidents were analyzed that the town gas polyethylene pipe could occur and its reasons. Using fault tree analysis method, both the fault tree model and its sub fault tree model of the town polyethylene gas pipeline were established. Through the calculation of the minimum cut sets, the minimum path sets and the structure importance of it, the possible malfunctions of the town polyethylene gas pipeline and the reasons were analyzed. The research results show that the failure of town polyethylene gas pipeline had a larger threat, and the threat of pipeline auxiliary facilities failure was less. Among the reasons of pipeline failure, the influence of the outside interference was the largest|the scratches and defects of the pipeline had a minor influence|and the aging pipes and stress effect on the pipeline had the least influence on the pipeline accidents.

Alumina were prepared with aluminium sulfate as aluminium source, ammonium bicarbonate as precipitant, using substep aging method and L9 (34) orthogonal table. Factors inculding ammonium bicarbonate concentration, reaction temperature, pH and n(HCO-3)/n（Al3+） were studied. The alumina were characterized by the N2 physisorption and bulk density measurement, XRD and SEM as well. After orthogonal analysis, reaction temperature and pH have significant effect on textile properties of γAl2O3. Optimum preparation conditions were determined by macropore formation, and they were as follows: reaction temperature 75 ℃, pH 8.5, the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate 2 mol/L, n(HCO-3)/n（Al3+） ratio 075. Besides that, Y5 has big pore volume up to 2.02 mL/g, bimodal pore distribution and fibrous particles which have uniform size around 1 μm.